Estradiol

Serious ill effects have not been reported following acute ingestion of large doses of estrogencontaining oral contraceptives by young children. Overdosage of estrogen may cause nausea and vomiting, and withdrawal bleeding may occur in females.

Evamist (estradiol transdermal spray) is designed to deliver estradiol to the blood circulation following topical application to the skin of a rapidly drying solution from a metered-dose pump.

Evamist is a homogeneous solution of 1.7% estradiol USP (active ingredient) in alcohol USP and octisalate USP formulated to provide sustained release of the active ingredient into the systemic circulation.

Estradiol USP is a white crystalline powder, chemically described as estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17β-diol. It has an empirical formula of C18H24O2• ½H2O and molecular weight of 281.4. The structural formula is:

Each metered-dose pump contains 8.1 mL and is designed to deliver 56 sprays of 90 mcL each after priming. One spray of Evamist contains 1.53 mg estradiol. The metered-dose pump should be held upright and vertical for spraying. Before a new applicator is used for the first time, the pump should be primed by spraying 3 times into the cover.

One, two or three sprays are applied daily each morning to adjacent non-overlapping 20 cm² areas on the inner surface of the arm between the elbow and the wrist and allowed to dry.

Before taking estradiol, tell your doctor about all of your medical conditions. Especially tell your doctor if you:

• are allergic to estradiol or to any of its ingredients
• have or have ever had asthma
• have seizures
• have migraine headaches
• have endometriosis (a condition in which the type of tissue that lines the uterus [womb] grows in other areas of the body)
• have uterine fibroids (growths in the uterus that are not cancer)
• have or have had yellowing of the skin or eyes, especially during pregnancy or while you were using an estrogen product
• have very high or very low levels of calcium in your blood
• have porphyria (condition in which abnormal substances build up in the blood and cause problems with the skin or nervous system) or gallbladder, thyroid, pancreas, liver or kidney disease
• are pregnant or breastfeeding

Tell your doctor about all the medicines you take including prescription and non-prescription medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements.

Your pharmacist can provide more information about estradiol.

Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines with others, and use this medication only for the indication prescribed.

Every effort has been made to ensure that the information provided by Cerner Multum, Inc. ('Multum') is accurate, up-to-date, and complete, but no guarantee is made to that effect. Drug information contained herein may be time sensitive. Multum information has been compiled for use by healthcare practitioners and consumers in the United States and therefore Multum does not warrant that uses outside of the United States are appropriate, unless specifically indicated otherwise. Multum's drug information does not endorse drugs, diagnose patients or recommend therapy. Multum's drug information is an informational resource designed to assist licensed healthcare practitioners in caring for their patients and/or to serve consumers viewing this service as a supplement to, and not a substitute for, the expertise, skill, knowledge and judgment of healthcare practitioners. The absence of a warning for a given drug or drug combination in no way should be construed to indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective or appropriate for any given patient. Multum does not assume any responsibility for any aspect of healthcare administered with the aid of information Multum provides. The information contained herein is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. If you have questions about the drugs you are taking, check with your doctor, nurse or pharmacist.

Copyright 1996-2013 Cerner Multum, Inc. Version: 10.02. Revision date: 12/15/2010.

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See BOXED WARNINGS, WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS.

The following additional adverse reactions have been reported with estrogen and/or progestin therapy.

Genitourinary System

Changes in vaginal bleeding pattern and abnormal withdrawal bleeding or flow; breakthrough bleeding, spotting, dysmenorrhea
Increase in size of uterine leiomyomata
Vaginitis, including vaginal candidiasis
Change in amount of cervical secretion
Changes in cervical ectropion
Ovarian cancer; endometrial hyperplasia; endometrial cancer

Breasts

Tenderness, enlargement, pain, nipple discharge, galactorrhea; fibrocystic breast changes; breast cancer

Cardiovascular

Deep and superficial venous thrombosis; pulmonary embolism; thrombophlebitis; myocardial infarction; stroke; increase in blood pressure

Gastrointestinal

Nausea, vomiting
Abdominal cramps, bloating
Cholestatic jaundice
Increased incidence of gallbladder disease
Pancreatitis
Enlargement of hepatic hemangiomas

Skin

Chloasma or melasma that may persist when drug is discontinued
Erythema multiforme
Erythema nodosum
Hemorrhagic eruption
Loss of scalp hair
Hirsutism
Pruritus, rash

Eyes

Retinal vascular thrombosis
Steepening of corneal curvature
Intolerance to contact lenses

Central Nervous System

Headache, migraine, dizziness
Mental depression
Chorea
Nervousness, mood disturbances, irritability
Exacerbation of epilepsy
Dementia

Miscellaneous

Increase or decrease in weight
Reduced carbohydrate tolerance
Aggravation of porphyria
Edema
Arthralgias; leg cramps
Changes in libido
Urticaria
Angioedema
Anaphylactoid/anaphylactic reactions
Hypocalcemia
Exacerbation of asthma
Increased triglycerides

Read the entire FDA prescribing information for Estrace (Estradiol)

Read More »

Steroidal estrogen; a principal endogenous estrogen.a

Estradiol tablets, USP for oral administration contains 0.5, 1 or 2 mg of micronized Estradiol, USP per tablet.

Estradiol, USP (17β-Estradiol) is a white, crystalline solid, chemically described as estra-1,3,5,(10)-triene-3, 17β-diol. The structural formula is:

In addition, each tablet for oral administration contains the following inactive ingredients: Lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose and sodium starch glycolate.

Estradiol Tablets, USP

Read this PATIENT INFORMATION before you start taking Estradiol and read what you get each time you refill Estradiol tablets. There may be new information. This information does not take the place of talking to your healthcare provider about your medical condition or your treatment.

WHAT IS THE MOST IMPORTANT INFORMATION I SHOULD KNOW ABOUT Estradiol TABLETS (AN ESTROGEN HORMONE)?

• Estrogens increase the chances of getting cancer of the uterus.

Report any unusual vaginal bleeding right away while you are taking estrogens. Vaginal bleeding after menopause may be a warning sign of cancer of the uterus (womb). Your healthcare provider should check any unusual vaginal bleeding to find out the cause.

• Do not use estrogens with or without progestins to prevent heart disease, heart attacks, or strokes.

Using estrogens with or without progestins may increase your chances of getting heart attacks, strokes, breast cancer, and blood clots. Using estrogens with progestins may increase your risk of dementia. You and your healthcare provider should talk regularly about whether you still need treatment with Estradiol tablets.

WHAT ARE Estradiol TABLETS?

Estradiol tablets are medicine that contains estrogen hormones.

WHAT IS Estradiol USED FOR?

Estradiol is used to:

• reduce moderate to severe hot flashes

Estrogens are hormones made by a woman's ovaries. Between ages 45 and 55, the ovaries normally stop making estrogens. This leads to a drop in body estrogen levels which causes the “change of life” or menopause (the end of monthly menstrual periods). Sometimes, both ovaries are removed during an operation before natural menopause takes place. The sudden drop in estrogen levels causes “surgical menopause."

When the estrogen levels begin dropping, some women develop very uncomfortable symptoms, such as feelings of warmth in the face, neck, and chest, or sudden strong feelings of heat and sweating (“hot flashes” or “hot flushes”). In some women, the symptoms are mild, and they will not need estrogens. In other women, symptoms can be more severe. You and your healthcare provider should talk regularly about whether you still need treatment with Estradiol.

Weight-bearing exercise, like walking or running, and taking calcium with vitamin D supplements may also lower your chances for getting postmenopausal osteoporosis. It is important to talk about exercise and supplements with your healthcare provider before starting them.

• treat dryness, itching, and burning in or around the vagina, difficulty or burning on urination associated with menopause

You and your healthcare provider should talk regularly about whether you still need treatment with Estradiol to control these problems. If you use Estradiol only to treat your dryness, itching, and burning in and around your vagina, talk with your healthcare provider about whether a topical vaginal product would be better for you.

• treat certain conditions in which a young woman's ovaries do not produce enough estrogen naturally • treat certain types of abnormal vaginal bleeding due to hormonal imbalance when your doctor has found no serious cause of the bleeding • treat certain cancers in special situations, in men and women • prevent thinning of bones

Osteoporosis from menopause is a thinning of the bones that makes them weaker and easier to break. If you use Estradiol only to prevent osteoporosis from menopause, talk with your healthcare provider about whether a different treatment or medicine without estrogens might be better for you. You and your healthcare provider should talk regularly about whether you should continue with Estradiol.

WHO SHOULD NOT USE Estradiol?

Do not start taking Estradiol if you:

• have unusual vaginal bleeding which has not been evaluated by your doctor (see BOXED WARNINGS)

Unusual vaginal bleeding can be a warning sign of cancer of the uterus, especially if it happens after menopause. Your doctor must find out the cause of the bleeding so that he or she can recommend the proper treatment. Taking estrogens without visiting your doctor can cause you serious harm if your vaginal bleeding is caused by cancer of the uterus.

• currently have or have had certain cancers

Estrogens may increase the risk of certain types of cancer, including cancer of the breast or uterus. If you have or had cancer, talk with your healthcare provider about whether you should take Estradiol.

(For certain patients with breast or prostate cancer, estrogens may help.)

• had a stroke or heart attack in the past year • currently have or have had blood clots • have or have had liver problems • are allergic to Estradiol tablets or any of its ingredients

See the end of this leaflet for a list of ingredients in Estradiol Tablets.

• think you may be pregnant

Tell your healthcare provider:

• if you are breast feeding

The hormone in Estradiol can pass into your milk

• about all of your medical problems

Your healthcare provider may need to check you more carefully if you have certain conditions, such as asthma (wheezing), epilepsy (seizures), migraine, endometriosis, lupus, problems with your heart, liver, thyroid, kidneys, or have high calcium levels in your blood.

• about all the medicines you take

This includes prescription and nonprescription medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. Some medicines may affect how Estradiol tablets work. Estradiol tablets may also affect how your other medicines work.

• if you are going to have surgery or will be on bed rest

You may need to stop taking estrogens.

HOW SHOULD I TAKE Estradiol TABLETS?

1. Start at the lowest dose and talk to your healthcare provider about how well that dose is working for you.

2. Estrogens should be used at the lowest dose possible for your treatment only as long as needed. You and your healthcare provider should talk regularly (for example, every 3 to 6 months) about the dose you are taking and whether you still need treatment with Estradiol.

WHAT ARE THE POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS OF ESTROGENS?

Less common but serious side effects include:

• Breast cancer • Cancer of the uterus • Stroke • Heart attack • Blood clots • Dementia • Gallbladder disease • Ovarian cancer

These are some of the warning signs of the serious side effects:

• Breast lumps • Unusual vaginal bleeding • Dizziness and faintness • Changes in speech • Severe headaches • Chest pain • Shortness of breath • Pains in your legs • Changes in vision • Vomiting

Call your healthcare provider right away if you get any of these warning signs, or any other unusual symptom that concerns you.

Common side effects include:

• Headache • Breast pain • Irregular vaginal bleeding or spotting • Stomach/abdominal cramps, bloating • Nausea and vomiting • Hair loss

Other side effects include:

• High blood pressure • Liver problems • High blood sugar • Fluid retention • Enlargement of benign tumors (“fibroids”) of the uterus • A spotty darkening of the skin, particularly on the face • Vaginal yeast infection

These are not all the possible side effects of Estradiol tablets. For more information, ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist.

WHAT CAN I DO TO LOWER MY CHANCES OF A SERIOUS SIDE EFFECT WITH Estradiol?

If you use estrogens, you can reduce your risks by doing these things:

• Talk with your healthcare provider:

1. While you are using estrogens, it is important to visit your doctor at least once a year for a check-up.

2. If you have a uterus, talk to your healthcare provider about whether the addition of a progestin is right for you.

3. See your healthcare provider right away if you have vaginal bleeding while taking Estradiol tablets.

4. Have a breast exam and mammogram (breast x-ray) every year unless your healthcare provider tells you something else. If members of your family have had breast cancer or if you have ever had breast lumps or an abnormal mammogram (breast x-ray), you may need to have more frequent breast examinations.

5. If you have high blood pressure, high cholesterol (fat in the blood), diabetes, are overweight, or if you use tobacco, you may have higher chances for getting heart disease. Ask your healthcare provider for ways to lower your chances for getting heart disease.

6. Talk with your healthcare provider regularly about whether you should continue taking Estradiol tablets. You and your doctor should reevaluate whether or not you still need estrogens at least every six months.

• Be alert for signs of trouble

If any of these warning signals (or any other unusual symptoms) happen while you are using estrogens, call your doctor immediately:

• Abnormal bleeding from the vagina (possible uterine cancer) • Pains in the calves or chest, sudden shortness of breath, or coughing blood (possible clot in the legs, or lungs) • Severe headache or vomiting, dizziness, faintness, changes in vision or speech, weakness or numbness of an arm or leg (possible clot in the brain or eye) • Breast lumps (possible breast cancer; ask your doctor or health professional to show you how to examine your breasts monthly) • Yellowing of the skin or eyes (possible liver problem) • Pain, swelling, or tenderness in the abdomen (possible gallbladder problem)

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT SAFE AND EFFECTIVE USE OF Estradiol TABLETS

Medicines are sometimes prescribed for conditions that are not mentioned in patient information leaflets.

Do not take Estradiol tablets for conditions for which they were not prescribed. Do not give Estradiol tablets to other people, even if they have the same symptoms you have. They may harm them.

KEEP Estradiol TABLETS OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN.

This leaflet provides a summary of the most important information about Estradiol tablets.  If you would like more information, talk with your healthcare provider or pharmacist. You can ask for information about Estradiol tablets that is written for health professionals. For more information about Estradiol call Epic Pharma, LLC at 1-888-374-2791.

WHAT ARE THE INGREDIENTS IN Estradiol TABLETS?

Estradiol Tablets USP for oral administration contains 0.5, 1 or 2 mg of Estradiol, USP.

In addition, each tablet for oral administration contains the following inactive ingredients: lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose and sodium starch glycolate.

Distributed by:

Epic Pharma, LLC

Laurelton, NY 11413

Manufactured in USA

Rev. 02-2017-00

MF087REV02/17

OE1609

Estradiol Tablets USP, 1 mg

PHARMACIST: Dispense the accompanying Patient Information Leaflet to each patient.

Rx Only

100 Tablets

You should not use estradiol if you have: liver disease, a bleeding disorder, unusual vaginal bleeding, history of a hormone-dependent cancer (such as breast, uterine, ovarian, or thyroid cancer), or if you have ever had a heart attack, stroke, or a blood clot.

Do not use if you are pregnant.

Estradiol may increase your risk of developing a condition that may lead to uterine cancer. Call your doctor at once if you have any unusual vaginal bleeding while using this medicine.

Estradiol should not be used to prevent heart disease, stroke, or dementia, because this medicine may actually increase your risk of developing these conditions. Long-term use may also increase your risk of breast cancer or blood clot.

Estradiol can harm an unborn baby or cause birth defects. Do not use estradiol if you are pregnant. You should not take estradiol if you have abnormal vaginal bleeding, liver disease, breast or uterine cancer, hormone-dependent cancer, a recent history of heart attack or stroke, if you are pregnant, if you have ever had a blood clot (especially in your lung or your lower body), or if you are allergic to any medicines or food dyes. Taking hormones can increase your risk of blood clots, stroke, or heart attack, especially if you have diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol or triglycerides, if you smoke, or if you are overweight.

Have regular physical exams and mammograms, and self-examine your breasts for lumps on a monthly basis while using estradiol.

Applies to estradiol: compounding powder, intramuscular solution, oral tablet, transdermal emulsion, transdermal film extended release, transdermal gel, transdermal spray, vaginal ring

Gastrointestinal

Cases of oral pigmentation and ischemic colitis have been reported rarely.[Ref]

Gastrointestinal side effects have included nausea, abdominal cramps, bloating and vomiting. Some studies have demonstrated a 2 to 4 fold increase in gallbladder disease in postmenopausal women taking estrogen therapy. Cholestatic jaundice, pancreatitis, and enlargement of hepatic hemangiomas have been reported. Postmarketing experience with the vaginal ring has included a few cases of bowel obstruction and vaginal ring use. Postmarketing side effects with Vivelle-Dot include nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, bloating, cholelithiasis and diarrhea.[Ref]

Oncologic

Oncologic side effects have included reports of an increased risk of endometrial carcinoma in patients with an intact uterus and less persuasively, with an increased risk of breast cancer.[Ref]

A number of studies have suggested that the risk of endometrial carcinoma is removed (or delayed) by the administration of progestins in combination with estrogen therapy.

The increased risk of breast cancer due to use of estrogens is controversial. Several studies have suggested that long-term estrogen therapy may be associated with a slightly increased risk of breast cancer. Meta analysis of 51 studies (epidemiological data) supports a modest risk increase associated with long-term hormone replacement therapy (HRT).

One study of Swedish women has reported that a 10% increase in the relative risk of breast cancer may occur and that the risk is related to increasing duration of estrogen therapy. In that study, women with more than nine years of estrogen use had a 70% greater relative risk of breast cancer than controls. That study, however, examined use of a variety of estrogen preparations of which estradiol was the most frequently prescribed. In addition, women who took progestins did not demonstrate a decreased risk of breast cancer and may even have been at higher risk.

The Toronto Breast Cancer Study has reported that women who receive unopposed conjugated estrogens for less than 15 years are not at increased risk of breast cancer. In that study, an increase in the risk of breast cancer for women who used conjugated estrogens for more than 15 years was not ruled out.

The Case-Control Surveillance Study has reported that there is "no evidence that the use of unopposed conjugated estrogens increases the risk of breast cancer, even after long duration of use or long latent intervals, but the possibility of a modest increase (less than a doubling) could not be excluded."

Follow-up to the Nurses' Health Study of 1992 concluded, however, that there is an increased risk of breast cancer in women taking estrogen replacement therapy and that the risk is not reduced by concurrent use of progestins. (In that study, greater risk was associated with advanced age and prolonged duration of hormonal therapy.)

A study of middle-aged women in the Puget Sound area concluded that "on the whole, the use of estrogen with progestin HRT [hormone replacement therapy] does not appear to be associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in middle-aged women."

A prospective cohort study (11 years) of 37,105 women by Gapstur et al evaluated the histology of the breast cancer in women who ever used HRT. No association was found between duration of ever HRT use and the incidence of ductal carcinoma in situ or invasive ductal/lobular carcinoma. The duration of ever HRT use was associated with risk of invasive carcinoma with a favorable prognosis (relative risk (RR) = 1.81, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.07 to 3.07 for HRT use less than or equal to 5 yrs and RR = 2.65, CI, 1.32 to 5.23 for HRT use > 5 yrs, p = 0.005). The relative risk of invasive carcinoma with a favorable prognosis for current users (adjusted for age and other risk factors) was 4.42, CI, 2.00 to 9.76 for less than or equal to 5 yrs and 2.63, CI, 1.18 to 5.89 for > 5 yrs). Risk of invasive ductal or lobular carcinoma for current users less than or equal to 5 yrs was RR = 1.38, CI, 1.03 to 1.85.[Ref]

Cardiovascular

The reported effects of estrogens on cardiovascular activity are variable. Alterations in lipid profiles in treated women are thought to be responsible for reducing cardiovascular risks. Data suggest estrogen use may increase blood pressure, particularly in patients receiving high doses, decrease blood pressure, or result in no change. In addition, noncontraceptive use of estrogens in young women (particularly smokers) may substantially increase the risk of nonfatal myocardial infarction. Other studies have concluded that no increased risk of myocardial infarction exists.[Ref]

Cardiovascular side effects have included studies suggesting that unopposed estrogen therapy decreased the risk of coronary heart disease by as much as 35%. Combination therapy with a progestin may have also decreased coronary risk. However, the extent of risk reduction with combination therapy has not been determined. Data are available that suggest combination therapy does not reduce the overall rate of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women with established coronary disease. Postmarketing side effects with Vivelle-Dot include deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism and thrombophlebitis.[Ref]

Metabolic

Metabolic side effects have included reports of generally favorable alterations in plasma lipid profiles. Specifically, increased HDL and decreased cholesterol and LDL levels have occurred. Estrogen therapy may have led to increased serum triglyceride levels resulting in pancreatitis in patients with familial lipoprotein metabolic defects.

Metabolic adverse effects such as hypercalcemia have occurred in patients with breast cancer and bone metastases.[Ref]

Endocrine

Endocrine side effects have included increased levels of thyroxin-binding globulin which led to increased total thyroid serum levels and a decreased in resin uptake of T3. Free thyroid hormone levels remained unchanged. Other endocrine effects have included decreased fasting plasma glucose.[Ref]

General

General side effects have included fluid retention and mastodynia. Alterations in libido have occurred. Postmarketing experience with the vaginal ring has included a few cases of toxic shock syndrome. Postmarketing side effects with Vivelle-Dot include decrease in weight, reduced carbohydrate tolerance and edema.[Ref]

Hepatic

Hepatic side effects have included reports of focal nodular hyperplasia, liver cell adenomas, hepatic hemangiomas, and well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas. Aggravation of porphyria has been reported. Postmarketing side effects with Vivelle-Dot include abnormal liver function tests.[Ref]

Many of the reports of hepatic tumors have occurred in women taking long-term oral contraceptives. However, some tumors have been reported in women taking isolated estrogen therapy.[Ref]

Hematologic

Hematologic side effects have included hypercoagulability and an increase in venous thromboembolism.[Ref]

The clinical significance of such hypercoagulability in postmenopausal women taking estrogens has not been determined.[Ref]

Ocular

Ocular side effects have included alterations in corneal curvature and contact lens discomfort. Retinal vascular thrombosis has been reported. Postmarketing side effects with Vivelle-Dot include intolerance to contact lenses.[Ref]

Hypersensitivity

Hypersensitivity side effects have included reports of reactions including anaphylaxis. Some reports have implicated the dyes contained in some conjugated estrogen formulations. Urticaria and angioedema have also been reported.[Ref]

Postmarketing reports concerning a transdermal product (Climara) have included a few cases in which there were a combination of the symptoms of generalized hives or rash with swelling of the throat or eyelid edema.[Ref]

Other

Other side effects have included reports of a possible increase in the risk of "fibrocystic breast disease" by as much as twofold. Postmarketing side effects with Vivelle-Dot include breast enlargement and pain, nipple discharge, fibrocystic breast changes and breast cancer.[Ref]

Psychiatric

Psychiatric side effects have included case reports of rapid mood cycling in patients with severe depression. Postmarketing side effects with Vivelle-Dot include nervousness, affect liability and irritability.[Ref]

Nervous system

Nervous system side effects have included dementia, dizziness, mental depression, headache, nervousness, irritability exacerbation of epilepsy and new onset or exacerbation of migraine headaches. A case of chorea has been reported in association with estrogen therapy.[Ref]

Dermatologic

Dermatologic side effects have included chloasma or melasma, which did not always resolve following discontinuation of estrogen therapy. Scalp hair loss, hirsutism, erythema nodosum, and hemorrhagic eruptions have occurred. Postmarketing side effects with Vivelle-Dot include erythema multiforme, pruritus, purpura and rash.[Ref]

Genitourinary

Genitourinary side effects have included abnormal uterine bleeding and dysmenorrhea. In some cases, this was bleeding related to endometrial carcinoma. In addition, estrogens have increased the size of preexisting uterine leiomyomata. Postmarketing experience with the vaginal ring has included a few cases of ring adherence to the vaginal wall, making removal difficult. Postmarketing side effects with Vivelle-Dot include vaginal hemorrhage, abnormal withdrawal bleeding or flow, breakthrough bleeding, spotting, uterine leiomyomata, vaginitis, vaginal discharge, ovarian cancer and endometrial hyperplasia.[Ref]

Musculoskeletal

Musculoskeletal side effects have included arthralgias. Postmarketing side effects with Vivelle-Dot include leg cramps.[Ref]

Some side effects of estradiol may not be reported. Always consult your doctor or healthcare specialist for medical advice. You may also report side effects to the FDA.